pt

GST Council is a federal forum with both centre and states in India on board. It is made of:

• The Union Finance Minister (as Chairman),
• The Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue or Finance, and
• The Minister in charge of Finance or Taxation or any other Minister, nominated by each state government.

The decisions of the GST Council are made by three-fourth majority of the votes cast. The centre has one-third of the votes cast, and the states together have two-third of the votes cast. Each state has one vote, irrespective of its size or population.

Apart from the above:

• The Secretary (Revenue) will be appointed as the Ex-officio Secretary to the GST Council.
• The Chairperson, Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC), will be included as a permanent invitee (non-voting) to all proceedings of the GST Council.
• One post of Additional Secretary to the GST Council in the GST Council Secretariat (at the level of Additional Secretary to the Government of India) will be created.
• Four posts of Commissioner in the GST Council Secretariat (at the level of Joint Secretary to the Government of India) will also be created.

 The imported goods will also be charged integrated tax (IGST) in addition to Basic Customs Duty. IGST paid on imports will also be available as credit to the importer in further supplies. Besides, the Central Tax, State Tax/UT Tax and IGST, Compensation Cess under the GST (Compensation to States) Act, 2017 shall be levied on a few luxury goods,. The cess shall be available as credit for further payment of cess.

  in general, the registered supplier of goods or services will need to pay GST. However, in specified cases like imports and other notified supplies, the liability will lie on the recipient under the reverse charge mechanism. “Reverse Charge” means the liability to pay tax on the recipient of taxable supplies instead of the supplier. Further, in some notified cases of intra-state supply of services, the liability to pay GST may be cast on e-commerce operators through which such services are supplied.

   the GST would replace the following taxes:

(i) Taxes currently levied and collected by the Centre:
a. Central Excise duty
b. Duties of Excise (Medicinal and Toilet Preparations)
c. Additional Duties of Excise (Goods of Special Importance)
d. Additional Duties of Excise (Textiles and Textile Products)
e. Additional Duties of Customs (commonly known as CVD)
f. Special Additional Duty of Customs (SAD)
g. Service Tax
h. Central Surcharges and Cesses so far as  relates to goods and services

pre

The Chenab Bridge is a railway steel and concrete arch bridge under construction between Bakkal and Kauri in the Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir in India. When finished, the bridge will span the Chenab River at a height of 359 m (1,178 ft) above the river, making it the world's highest rail bridge.[2] The bridge is scheduled to open in 2019.[3]

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)’, which of the following statements is/are correct?

It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum.It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of biodiversity.It presents an approach that can help decision-makers recognize,   demonstrate and capture the value of ecosystems and   biodiversity.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: C

Justification: Statement 1: The founding of TEER is actually a bit elaborate. It started from the G8+5 environment ministers since 2007. You can read more about it in the source given below.

The TEEB office is hosted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

The 1907 Surat session was held at the bank of the Tapti river in Surat. The Extremist camp was led by Lal Bal and Pal and the moderate camp was led by Gopal Krishna Gokhle. The Surat session was presided by Dr. Rash Behari Ghosh.

narmada drains into gulf of kambhat not kutch...remember runn of kutch its up so there only will be gulf of kutcch

Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve is the largest tiger reserve in India .  in the nalmalla hills of ap

Lytton and rippon

After his resignation, Lord Ripon was sent to India.

Other Notes

Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental College) was founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, the leader of Muslim renaissance in Indian subcontinent, in 1875 at Aligarh during the tenure of Lord Lytton. It later became Aligarh Muslim University.

Lucile was a verse novel written by Lord Lytton, published in 1860.

The Indian Arms Act of 1878 was legislated during Lord Lytton’s time. By this act, no Indians could keep unlicensed arms. However, the English people could hold arms without license.

Lord Lytton also was responsible for the economic distress caused by abolishing the Tax on the foreign cotton coming to India, to safeguard the British Traders.

The maximum age to enter in to the Civil Services Examination was reduced from 21 years to 19 years

ppr 1

post 1937 elections the congress government in provinces took up the cause of

farmer distress

similalry we can talk about their role in dalit upliftment.  for eg free education to harizans was introduced in certain provinces

and where some rulers themselves  like travancore and indore themselves opened all state temples to harizans.


Attitude of congress/ work done by congress towards industrialists

1. congress agenda fit in with the call for rationalisation of tarrifs and the boycott of foreign goods
2. however congress left leanining in 1920s and 30s was ideologically problematic for congress
3.


Early moderates demands...club into social economic administrative cum political


1. indianisation of administration
2. expansion of leg council
3. no taxation without representation
4. agrarian reforms
5. rationalisation of tarrifs
6. non agressive foreign policy particularly in burma and afghanistan
7 separation of judicial from executive
8. increase in welfare expenditure
9. protection of civil rights ...

envt prelims

Paris summit 2015 is cop21
Green climate fund at cancun summit 2010

ppr 2

Spoils systemitch

Aghast at the form of spoils-system haunting the public service commissions, the Supreme Court observed in one such case concerning the Bihar government: “The Public Service Commissions which have been given the status of constitutional authorities and which are supposed to be totally independent and impartial while discharging their function in terms of Article 320 have become victims of spoil[s] system” (Upendra Narayan Singh, 2009 ).

Little did one realise that the warning of the Supreme Court would not be taken seriously by political parties. The result was that the 11 appointments made by the State Governor to the Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission were set aside by the Madras High Court; further, the Supreme Court refused to stay the order.

9. In which of the following regions of India are shale gas resources found?

Cambay BasinCauvery BasinKrishna-Godavari Basin

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: D

Justification: The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) has identified six basins as potentially shale gas bearing. These are Cambay, Assam-Arakan, Gondwana, Krishna-Godavari, Kaveri, and the Indo-Gangetic plain.